A Review of Some Welding Parameters and their Effects on the Heat-Affected Zone of Mild Steel Plate

Welding is one of the most important processes in manufacturing and construction industries. Various  categories of welding exist and there are many welding processes available from which and industrial  engineers can select for a particular application. The fusion category include the arc welding  processes, resistance welding and gas welding methods; the non-fusion or solid state include cold  welding, forge welding, ultrasonic welding, friction welding, friction stir welding, resistance welding,  diffusion bonding, and explosion welding. The high energy densities/low dilution welding method in  this category are pulse arc welding (PAW), laser beam welding and electron beam welding. The  choice of a welding process and the welding input parameters are determined by some factors. This  review highlights the categories of welding, factors influencing the choice of a particular welding  process for a given application, Various areas of application of these categories of welding were  discussed and it also address the effect of some of these welding input parameters on the integrity and  quality of weld joints. The goal is to achieve high-quality welded joints with desired bead geometry  and performance while minimizing detrimental internal stress and distortion and the corrosion rate  characteristics of these regions, are all demonstrably influenced by the selected welding parameters. In  essence, this review underscores the critical role of precise process control in achieving optimal weld  quality and mitigating potential drawbacks in the welding industry